Racial disparities in how schools discipline students received new attention at the outset of a national reckoning with racial injustice, but the results of reform efforts have been slow to materialize. In many schools around the country, Black students have been more likely to receive punishments that remove them from the classroom, including suspensions, expulsions and being transferred to alternative schools. A decade ago, those gaps became the target of a newly energized reform movement spurred by the same reckoning that gave rise to the Black Lives Matter movement.
