Russia and China are increasing cooperation in the Arctic region, worrying the U.S. military. Russia reopened Soviet-era military sites and China eyed mineral resources and shipping routes. The Pentagon is closely monitoring this collaboration, recognising the potential impact on regional stability. As Arctic sea routes become more accessible due to melting ice, major economies are using them, and the U.S., Canada, and Finland are joining forces to build icebreaker ships to counter Russian and Chinese influence in the region.