It is heartening to see the number of paternity leave programs increase across the U.S. and, as as recent study out of the University of California Santa Barbara reports, it is having a meaningful impact. In California, where paid-family leave was sanctioned by law in 2004, fathers are 46 percent more likely to take advantage of the option than before the law was enacted. However, researchers also discovered that men are significantly more inclined to take paternity leave if their child is male.