ROME — The U.S. military is celebrating a little-known part of World War II history, honoring the Japanese-American U.S. Army unit that was key to liberating parts of Italy and France even while the troops' relatives were interned at home as enemies of the state following Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor.
Descendants of the second-generation "Nisei" soldiers traveled to Italy from around the United States – California, Hawaii and Colorado – to tour the sites where their relatives fought and attend a commemoration at the U.S. military base in Camp Darby ahead of the 80th anniversary Friday of the liberation of nearby Livorno, in Tuscany.
Among those taking part were cousins Yoko and Leslie Sakato, whose fathers each served in the 442nd Regimental Combat Team, which went onto become the most decorated unit in the history of the U.S. military for its size and length of service.
"We wanted to kind of follow his footsteps, find out where he fought, where he was, maybe see the territories that he never ever talked about," said Yoko Sakato, whose father Staff Sgt. Henry Sakato was in the 100th Battalion, Company B that helped liberate Tuscany from Nazi-Fascist rule.
The 442nd Infantry Regiment, including the 100th Infantry Battalion, was composed almost entirely of second-generation American soldiers of Japanese ancestry, who fought in Italy and southern France. Known for its motto "Go For Broke," 21 of its members were awarded the Medal of Honor.
The regiment was organized in 1943, in response to the War Department's call for volunteers to form a segregated Japanese American army combat unit. Thousands of Nisei — second-generation Japanese Americans — answered the call.
Some of them fought as their relatives were interned at home in camps that were established in 1942, after Pearl Harbor, to house Japanese Americans who were considered to pose a "public danger" to the United States. In all, some 112,000 people, 70,000 of them American citizens, were held in these "relocation centers" through the end of the war.
The Nisei commemoration at Camp Darby was held one week before the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Livorno, or Leghorn, on July 19, 1944. Local residents were also commemorating the anniversary this week.
In front of family members, military officials and civilians, Yoko Sakato placed flowers at the monument in memory of Pvt. Masato Nakae, one of the 21 Nisei members awarded the Medal of Honor.
"I was feeling close to my father, I was feeling close to the other men that I knew growing up, the other veterans, because they had served, and I felt really like a kinship with the military who are here," she said.
Sakato recalled her father naming some of the areas and towns in Tuscany where he had fought as a soldier, but always in a very "naive" way, as he was talking to kids.
"They were young, it must have been scary, but they never talked about it, neither him nor his friends," Sakato said of her father, who died in 1999.
Her cousin Leslie Sakato's father fought in France and won a Medal of Honor for his service. "It was like coming home," she said of the commemoration.
