Quick TakesAmong patients with both chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD) and cardiovascular disease, beta-blockers were associated with reduced all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 0.70).Cardioselective beta-blockers were associated with reduced risk of COPD exacerbation (hazard ratio, 0.72), while noncardioselective beta-blockers had no significant impact in this regard. Study Questions: What is the effect of beta-blockers on respiratory function and survival in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD)? Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis included observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of beta-blockers in patients with COPD and CVD. Outcomes of interest included COPD exacerbation, all-cause mortality, and in-hospital mortality. Results: A total of 49 studies (12 RCTs, 37 cohort or case-control studies), comprising 670,594 patients, were included. In a subset of 17 studies, beta...
