Study setting {9}The 14 centres included in this study are located in Jiangsu Province, Anhui Province, and Hunan Province, China. The departments involved in this study include the intensive care unit (ICU), surgical ward, and oncology ward.Eligibility criteria {10}The inclusion criteria for patients will be as follows: (1) hospitalized using an anterior-opening double-lumen CVC; (2) aged 14 to 80 years; (3) newly placed CVC within 24 h; (4) had a normal catheter function (catheter injection and aspiration CINAS judged as IN1AS1); (5) voluntarily participated in this research; (6) had CVC placed through the internal jugular vein or subclavian vein; and (7) had a daily continuous infusion time ≥ 16 h. The exclusion criteria for patients will be as follows: (1) had existing catheter-related complications; (2) uses drugs incompatible with 0.9% sodium chloride solution; (3) uses drugs that cannot tolerate stopping infusion for flushing and locking the catheter; and (4) were locked with ot...
