Progression of a normal cell to a cancerous state is a multi-step process initiated by single and/or multiple somatic mutations, as well as microenvironmental cues. These changes lead to a cell’s physiological deregulation pertaining to several key regulatory pathways involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and death.Although physiological deregulation in cancer cells present a random and highly complex front, there have been efforts to classify them into several key processes or cancer progression pathways. Hanahan & Weinberg proposed the existence of several hallmarks that define cancer progression. These hallmarks include self-sufficiency in growth signaling, insensitivity to anti-growth signals, evading apoptosis, limitless replicative potential, sustained angiogenesis, tissue invasion and metastasis, deregulating cellular energetics, and avoiding immune destruction.Antibodies are a cornerstone for research in cancer biology, playing a vital role in cancer diagnosis, progn...
