LncRNA EILA promotes CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance in breast cancer by stabilizing cyclin E1 protein | Science Advances

CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) plus endocrine therapy are now standard first-line therapy for advanced HR ⁺ /HER2 ⁻ breast cancer, but developing resistance is just a matter of time in these patients. Here, we report that a cyclin E1–interacting lncRNA (EILA) is up-regulated in CDK4/6i-resistant breast cancer cells and contributes to CDK4/6i resistance by stabilizing cyclin E1 protein. EILA overexpression correlates with accelerated cell cycle progression and poor prognosis in breast cancer. Silencing EILA reduces cyclin E1 protein and restores CDK4/6i sensitivity both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, hairpin A of EILA binds to the carboxyl terminus of cyclin E1 protein and hinders its binding to FBXW7, thereby blocking its ubiquitination and degradation. EILA is transcriptionally regulated by CTCF/CDK8/TFII-I complexes and can be inhibited by CDK8 inhibitors. This study unveils the role of EILA in regulating cyclin E1 stability and CDK4/6i resistance, which may serve as a biomarker to predict therapy response and a potential therapeutic target to overcome resistance.