By the end of a highly successful day one for the hosts, they had pocketed 20 of 31 golds, while their nearest challengers South Korea had five.
China's medal rush began when Zou Jiaqi and Qiu Xiuping dominated the women's lightweight double sculls rowing for the first gold of the Games, finishing almost 10 seconds ahead of Uzbekistan.
It was especially satisfying for Zou, who hails from Hangzhou.
"I am very excited as it's my first Asian Games," she said, clutching her gold medal.
The home nation won six of the seven golds at the Fuyang Water Sports Centre rowing venue with only Hong Kong's Lam San-tung and Wong Wai-chun getting in on the party by winning the men's pairs.
More golds rolled in for China in shooting, modern pentathlon, wushu and artistic gymnastics, in which they triumphed in the men's team event ahead of Japan.
But they saved the best for last in swimming, in what is always one of the most prestigious events at the Games and has extra significance with the Paris Olympics less than a year away.
Olympic champion Zhang Yufei, China's "Butterfly Queen", was among the winners as the hosts romped home in all seven races on the opening night in the pool, smashing a slew of Asian records.
Zhang successfully defended her 200m butterfly crown, cruising to victory ahead of teammate Yu Liyan in a new Games-record time of 2min 05.57sec.
That has been bettered this year only by Canadian star Summer McIntosh and Australia's Lizzie Dekkers, then Zhang claimed a second gold of the night in the women's 4x100m freestyle relay.
"I felt I could have gone even faster," she warned.
"My first mission was to take the gold for China. Next was to beat Jiao Liuyang's Games record, and I also did that.
"I actually felt the pool was a little slow for me and I told my coach that I wasn't feeling in good form."
India tear through Bangladesh
The first official day of the 19th Asian Games also saw medals handed out in fencing, judo and taekwondo.
Hong Kong's Edgar Cheung, already a hero to many in the southern Chinese city, added Asian Games gold to the one he won at the Tokyo Olympics two years ago in the men's foil.
Two of South Korea's five golds came in taekwondo, with Kang Wan-jin winning the men's individual poomsae and Cha Yea-eun doing likewise in the women's event.
North Korea, returning to major international sport for the first time since the Covid pandemic, got on the medals table when Chae Kwang Jin took bronze in the men's -60kg judo, which was won by Taiwan's Yang Yung-wei.
India's women cricketers earlier ripped through Bangladesh, dismissing them for just 51 in the first semi-final.
The Indians knocked off their target in just 8.2 overs and will face Sri Lanka in Monday's final of the Twenty20 competition.
President Xi Jinping opened the Games on Saturday night after a delay of a year because of China's now-abandoned zero-Covid policy.
With more than 12,000 competitors from 45 nations and territories, the Asian Games has more participants than the Olympics.
They will battle for medals in 40 sports across 54 venues.
Most events take place in Hangzhou, a city of 12 million people near Shanghai, but some sports are being staged in cities as far afield as Wenzhou, 300 kilometres (186 miles) to the south.
