Koch's sandgroper Cylindraustralia kochii, photographed by Terry Houston.Belongs within: Caelifera.
The Tridactyloidea are a group of burrowing, cricket-like orthopterans characterised by tarsi with two segments in the fore and mid legs, and only a single segment (if tarsi are present at all) in the hind legs (Rentz 1996).
<==Tridactyloidea
|--Rhipipteryx R18 [Rhipipterygidae GE05]
| `--R. circumcincta Saussure 1874 R18
|--Cylindrachetidae [Oryttica] GE05
| |--Cylindroryctes spegazzinii R96
| |--Cylindracheta R96
| | |--C. campbelli R96
| | |--C. kochii R96
| | `--C. psammophila R91
| `--Cylindraustralia R96
| |--C. acuta R96
| |--C. arenivaga R96
| |--C. cookensis R96
| |--C. divisa R96
| |--C. granulata R96
| |--C. karumbensis R96
| |--C. kochii R96
| |--C. parakochia R96
| |--C. parvitarsata R96
| |--C. setosa R96
| |--C. tindalei R96
| `--C. ustulata R96
`--Tridactylidae TW05
| i. s.: Monodactylus dolichopterus GR02
| Mongoloxya ponomarenkoi GR02
| Ellipes TW05
| |--E. gurneyi K02
| `--E. minutus TW05
| Cratodactylus ferreirai Martins-Neto 1990 RJ93
|--Dentridactylus [Dentridactylinae] R96
| |--D. albosignatus R96
| `--D. keyi R96
`--Tridactylinae R96
|--Tridactylus R96
| |--T. australicus R96
| |--T. mutus R96
| `--T. paradoxus L02
`--Xya R96
|--X. muta R96
|--X. nautarrae R96
|--X. nitobae R96
|--X. pseudomuta R96
|--X. smithersi R96
`--X. unicolor R96
*Type species of generic name indicated
REFERENCES[GR02] Gorochov, A. V., & A. P. Rasnitsyn. 2002. Superorder Gryllidea Laicharting, 1781 (=Orthopteroidea Handlirsch, 1903).
In: Rasnitsyn, A. P., & D. L. J. Quicke (eds)
History of Insects pp. 293–303. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht.
[GE05] Grimaldi, D., & M. S. Engel. 2005.
Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press: New York.
[K02] Katovich, K. 2002. Heteroceridae MacLeay 1825.
In: Arnett, R. H., Jr, M. C. Thomas, P. E. Skelley & J. H. Frank (eds)
American Beetles vol. 2.
Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through Curculionoidea pp. 127–132. CRC Press.
[L02] Latreille, P. A. 1802.
Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes vol. 3.
Familles naturelles des genres. F. Dufart: Paris.
[R18] Rehn, J. A. G. 1918. On a collection of Orthoptera from the State of Pará, Brazil.
Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 70: 144–236, pls 1–2.
[R91] Rentz, D. C. F. 1991. Orthoptera (grasshoppers, locusts, katydids, crickets).
In: CSIRO.
The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers vol. 1 pp. 369–393. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).
[R96] Rentz, D. 1996.
Grasshopper Country: The abundant orthopteroid insects of Australia. University of New South Wales Press: Sydney.
[RJ93] Ross, A. J., & E. A. Jarzembowski. 1993. Arthropoda (Hexapoda; Insecta).
In: Benton, M. J. (ed.)
The Fossil Record 2 pp. 363–426. Chapman & Hall: London.
[TW05] Terry, M. D., & M. F. Whiting. 2005. Mantophasmatodea and phylogeny of the lower neopterous insects.
Cladistics 21: 240–257.
