(
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) Total public spending on university R&D&I gradually increased by 6% between 2016 and 2019, increasing from 8,989 to 9,554 million Euros, although it has still not reached 2008 pre-recession levels, when 10,628 million Euros were invested. This data comes from the most recent edition of the IUNE Observatory's Report, which analysed university R&D&I over the last decade (2009-2018) and which allows its figures dating back to its first edition in 2003 to be consulted.
