Cisd2 is essential to delaying cardiac aging and to maintaining heart functions

by Chi-Hsiao Yeh, Zhao-Qing Shen, Shao-Yu Hsiung, Pei-Chun Wu, Yuan-Chi Teng, Yi-Ju Chou, Su-Wen Fang, Chian-Feng Chen, Yu-Ting Yan, Lung-Sen Kao, Cheng-Heng Kao, Ting-Fen Tsai

CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 2 (Cisd2) is pivotal to mitochondrial integrity and intracellular Ca²⁺ homeostasis. In the heart of Cisd2 knockout mice, Cisd2 deficiency causes intercalated disc defects and leads to degeneration of the mitochondria and sarcomeres, thereby impairing its electromechanical functioning. Furthermore, Cisd2 deficiency disrupts Ca²⁺ homeostasis via dysregulation of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺-ATPase (Serca2a) activity, resulting in an increased level of basal cytosolic Ca²⁺ and mitochondrial Ca²⁺ overload in cardiomyocytes. Most strikingly, in Cisd2 transgenic mice, a persistently high level of Cisd2 is sufficient to delay cardiac aging and attenuate age-related structural defects and functional decline. In addition, it results in a younger cardiac transcriptome pattern during old age. Our findings indicate that Cisd2 plays an essential role in cardiac aging and in the heart’s electromechanical functioning. They highlight Cisd2 as a novel drug target when developing therapies to delay cardiac aging and ameliorate age-related cardiac dysfunction.