Serum cystatin C levels relate to no-reflow phenomenon in percutaneous coronary interventions in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

by Chao Cheng, Xiao-Bo Liu, Shao-Jie Bi, Qing-Hua Lu, Juan Zhang

Background/Aim

No-reflow is a serious and frequent event during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) for acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The aim of this study was to identify possible predictors for no-reflow.

Patients and methods

We investigated 218 patients with acute anterior STEMI who underwent PPCI from December 2016 to December 2018. No-reflow was defined as a coronary TIMI flow grade of ≤ 2. TIMI flow grade 3 was defined as normal reflow.

Results

In our study, the no-reflow phenomenon was observed in 39 patients (18%) during angiography. The patients of no-reflow group were found to be more older, diabetics, longer pain-to-balloon time, lower blood pressure, higher platelet counts and higher levels of D-Dimer and Cystatin C (Cys-C). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, only diabetes (OR = 0.371, 95% CI: 0.157–0.872, P = 0.023), longer pain-to-balloon time (OR = 1.147, 95% CI: 1.015–1.297, P = 0.028) and higher Cys-C level (OR = 10.07, 95% CI: 2.340–43.377, P = 0.002) were predictors for no-reflow.

Conclusion

Cys-C might be a useful predictor for the no-reflow phenomenon after PPCI in STEMI patients. It might help to screen STEMI patients with high risk of no-reflow on admission.