Supporting data for "The integrated respiratory microbial gene catalogue facilitate the understanding of microbial aetiology in Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia"

An imbalanced respiratory microbiota has been observed in pneumonia which caused high morbidity and mortality in childhood. Respiratory metagenomic analysis demands a comprehensive microbial gene catalogue which will significantly advance our understanding of host-microbiota interactions.
In this study, we collected 334 respiratory microbial samples from 171 healthy children and 76 pneumonia children. The established respiratory microbial gene catalogue (RMGC) comprised 2.25 million non-redundant microbial genes covering 90.52% prevalent genes. The core microbial species in the oropharynx (OP) of the healthy children mainly comprised Prevotella and Streptococcus. The OP microbial diversity and gene number in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) decreased compared to that in healthy children, and the concurrence network of OP microbiota in patients is featured by Staphylococcus spp. and M. pneumoniae.Functional orthologues, which are associated with the metabolism of various lipids, membrane transport and signal transduction, accumulated in the OP microbiome of sick children. Several antibiotics-resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence-factor genes (VFGs) were identified in M. pneumoniae as well as other 13 microbial draft genomes, which were reconstructed via metagenomic data. Though the common macrolides/beta-lactam-resistance genes were not identified in assembled M. pneumoniae genome, a SNP mutation (A2063G) related with macrolides resistance was identified in 23S rRNA gene.
This study will facilitate exploring unknown microbial components and host-microbiota interaction in respiratory microbiome studies as well as render further insights into the microbial aetiology of MPP.